Electromagnetic Induction
Michael Faraday was a famous British scientist who made many discoveries in the field of electricity and chemistry.
迈克尔·法拉第是著名的英国科学家，他在电力和化学领域做出了许多发现。
For example, Faraday invented the electric motor and also discovered benzene.
比如，法拉第发明了电动机，还发现了苯。
Michael Faraday started his working life as a bookbinder’s apprentice.
迈克尔·法拉第的工作生涯开始于做一本书的学徒。
He loved to read and became fascinated by science.
他喜欢阅读，对科学产生了浓厚的兴趣。
By chance, he obtained a job at the Royal Institution, the most important meeting place for British scientists at that time.
碰巧他在皇家学会找到了工作，那时那是英国科学家们最重要的聚会地点。
At the Royal Institution, his boss was Humphrey Davy, another famous British engineer who invented a world famous miner’s safety lamp.
在皇家学会，他的老板是汉弗莱·戴维，另一位著名的英国工程师，他发明了一种世界著名的矿工安全灯。
On the 29th August 1831, Michael Faraday demonstrated for the first time ever the principle of electromagnetic induction.
1831年8月29日，迈克尔·法拉第首次展示了电磁感应的原理。
For his demonstration, he used a device called an induction ring that he had invented.
为了演示，他用了一个叫做感应环的设备，这是他自己发明的。
This device consists of two mental coils of wire wrapped separately around an iron ring.
这个设备由两根金属线圈组成，分别缠绕在一个铁环上。
Faraday demonstrated that if you connect a battery to one of the coils of wire, it will induce a current in the other coil.
法拉第演示了如果你将电池连接到一个线圈，它会在另一个线圈中产生电流。
This principle is the basis of how modern electrical transformers work.
这个原则是现代电力变压器工作基础。
However, at this time AC current had not been discovered and Faraday did not realise the full significance of his discovery.
不过，那时候交流电还没有被发现，法拉第并没有意识到他发现的重要意义。
Faraday’s discovery was then used by other scientist and engineers such as Joseph Henry and William Stanley to start the development of modern electrical transformers.
法拉第的发现后来被其他科学家和工程师如约瑟夫·亨利和威廉·斯坦利用来开始现代电气变压器的开发。
The first patent for a transformer that had practical use was only published in 1882 jointly by the Englishman John Gibb and the Frenchman Lucien Gaulard.
第一个有实际用途的变压器专利是在1882年由英国人约翰·吉布和法国人吕西安·高拉德联合发布的。
Faraday’s induction ring used at his demonstration at the Royal Institution still exists and can been seen at the Faraday Museum in London.
法拉第在皇家学会的演示中使用的法拉第感应环还存在，可以在伦敦的法拉第博物馆看到。