British Accents / 英国口音
Although Great Britain covers a relatively small area in comparison to America or China, it has, nevertheless, nearly 40 distinct regional accents. In the past, these regional accents developed because it was much more difficult to travel and people tended live and die in the town or village in which they were born. This led to slow modifications in pronunciation and even the creation of new words specific to the locality. However, with the current ease of travel in the U.K. and the impact of radio and television, these distinct regional accents are starting to merge and in some cases, disappear.
虽然英国的面积相比美国或者中国来说相对较小，但它仍然有将近40种不同的地区口音。过去，这些地区口音的发展是因为交通不便利，人们通常在出生的城镇或村庄里生活和去世。这导致了发音的慢慢变化，甚至出现了某些地方特有的新词。不过，随着现在英国交通的便利以及广播和电视的影响，这些独特的地区口音开始融合，有些甚至开始消失。
There are 11 major regional accents. These are:
主要有11种地区口音，它们是：
Received Pronunciation (RP) / 接受发音
Received Pronunciation is also known as ‘The King’s English’. This is the English you will hear when watching the BBC news and is equivalent to CCTV Mandarin in China. It is associated with the upper classes and highly educated people. In the past, the pitch of the voice used to be much higher however this has slowly reduced over time. Nevertheless, some people use this higher pitch version when they want to mock the upper classes, including royalty. Examples of individuals who speak with an RP accent include Emma Watson (from the Harry Potter films), Dame Judi Dench (actress) and Sir David Attenborough (naturalist).
接收发音也被称为“国王的英语”。这是你在观看BBC新闻时会听到的英语，相当于中国的央视普通话。它通常与上层阶级和受过高等教育的人相关联。过去，使用的声音音调通常要高得多，但随着时间的推移，这种情况慢慢减弱了。不过，有些人在想要模仿上层阶级，包括皇室时，仍会使用这种高音调的版本。说RP口音的一些代表人物包括艾玛·沃森（《哈利波特》电影中的演员）、朱迪·丹奇贵妇人（女演员）大卫·阿滕伯勒伯勒爵士（自然学家）。
Cockney / 科克尼口音
The Cockney accent comes from an historically poor area in London, known as the ‘East End’. Folklore states that to be a Cockney, you have to be born within hearing distance of the bells of St. Mary-le-Bow church. A notable feature of this accent is the dropping of the ‘t’ sound in words, so ‘water’ is pronounced ‘wah-her’. In addition, the Cockney accent is associated with ‘Cockney rhyming slang’ where a word is replaced with a short rhyming phrase e.g. ‘trouble and strife’ = ‘wife’ and ‘apples and pears’ = ‘stairs’. Examples of individuals that speak with a Cockney accent include Michael Caine (actor), Jason Statham (actor) and Ray Winston (actor).
伦敦的‘东区’曾是一个历史上的贫困地区，科克尼口音就来自那里。民间传说，要成为科克尼人，你得出生在能听到圣玛丽勒鲍教堂钟声的范围内。这个口音的一个显著特点是省掉单词里的‘t’音，所以‘water’读作‘wah-her’。此外，科克尼口音还和‘科克尼押韵俚语’有关，就是用一个简短押韵的短语代替某个词，比如‘trouble and strife’=‘wife’，‘apples and pears’=‘stairs’。一些讲科克尼口音的名人包括演员迈克尔·凯恩、杰森·斯坦森和雷·温斯顿。
Multicultural London English (MLE) / 多元文化伦敦英语
Multicultural London English is a relatively new accent spoken by young Londoners. It is a result of large scale immigration into London from countries outside Europe. MLE is thus a combination of Cockney with Caribbean and Asian influences. Examples of individuals that speak with a MLE accents include Stormzy (hip-hop singer), Raheem Sterling (footballer) and Lauren Cooper (a character from ‘The Catherine Tate Show’).
多元文化伦敦英语是一种相对比较新的口音，由伦敦的年轻人使用。它是伦敦大量来自欧洲以外国家移民的结果。所以MLE实际上是科克尼口音结合加勒比和亚洲影响的一种混合口音。说MLE口音的人包括嘻哈歌手、足球运动员和《凯瑟琳·泰特秀》中的角色。
West Country / 西部口音
This West Country accent is spoken across south west England and is particularly associated with the counties of Devon and Sommerset. A feature of this accent is the strong ‘r’ sound. British people sometimes adopt this accent if they wish to mock peasants or village idiots. Examples of individuals that speak with a West Country accent include Joss Stone (singer), Bill Bailey (comedian) and Hagrid (from the Harry Potter films).
这种西部口音在英格兰西南部普遍使用，特别是与德文郡和萨默塞特郡相关。这种口音的一个特点是发音很重的“r”音。如果想要嘲笑农民或者乡下傻子，英国人有时会模仿这种口音。一些讲这种口音的人包括歌手乔斯·斯通、喜剧演员比尔·贝利以及《哈利波特》电影中的海格。
Brummie / 布拉米口音
The Brummie accent comes from Birmingham, a city in the centre of England. It is a very distinct accent which is noted for its nasal sound and sing-song intonation. Example of individuals that speak with a Brummie accent include Ozzy Osborne (singer), Jasper Carrott (comedian) and Jack Grealish (footballer).
布里米口音来自英格兰中部的伯明翰，这是一个非常独特的口音，以鼻音和唱歌般的语调著称。说布里米口音的人有Ozzy Osborne（歌手）、Jasper Carrott（喜剧演员）、Jack Grealish（足球运动员）。
Geordie / 乔迪口音
The Geordie accent is associated with Newcastle, a city in the north east of England. A particular feature of this accent is that words ending in ‘-er’ replace the ‘-er’ with ‘-ah’. Thus the word ‘water’ is pronounced as ‘war-tah’. Examples of individuals that speak with a Geordie accent include Cheryl Cole (singer), Jimmy Nail (actor) and Alan Shearer (footballer).
乔迪口音和纽卡斯尔有关，那是英格兰东北部的一个城市。这种口音的一个特点是以“-er”结尾的单词会把“-er”换成“-ah”。所以‘water’就读作‘war-tah’。说乔迪口音的人包括歌手Cheryl Cole、演员Jimmy Nail和足球运动员Alan Shearer。
Scouse / 利物浦口音
The Scouse accent is associated with the city of Liverpool, a port city in the north west of England. This accent has been heavily influenced by immigration from Ireland. Examples of individuals that speak with a Scouse accent include Cilla Black (singer), John Bishop (comedian) and John Lennon (singer).
利物浦口音与英格兰西北部的港口城市利物浦有关。这个口音受爱尔兰移民影响很大。说利物浦口音的例子有西拉·布莱克（歌手）、约翰·毕晓普（喜剧演员）和约翰·列侬（歌手）。
Mancunian / 曼彻斯特口音
As with other major British accents, the Mancunian accent is associated with an English city. In this case, the accent is associated with the city of Manchester. Despite Manchester being only 57 kilometres from Liverpool, the two accents are completely different. Examples of individuals that speak with a Mancunian accent include Noel Gallagher (musician), Terry Christian (TV presenter) and Michelle Keegan (actress).
像其他主要的英国口音一样，曼彻斯特口音也和一个英国城市有关。这里指的就是曼彻斯特市。尽管曼彻斯特离利物浦只有57公里，但这两个口音完全不同。说曼彻斯特口音的人包括诺埃尔·加拉格尔（音乐家）、特里·克里斯蒂安（电视主持人）和米歇尔·基根（女演员）。
Scottish & Glaswegian Accents / 苏格兰和格拉斯哥口音
The Scottish accent exists throughout Scotland. A notable feature of the Scottish accent is that it inspires trust in the speaker. As a consequence, many large companies locate their customer call centres in Scotland. In Glasgow, a major Scottish city, the accent can be very strong and English people sometimes find some speakers incomprehensible. There are also words used in Scotland that are understood but not used by speakers born in England e.g. wee = small, bairn = baby / small child. Examples of individuals who speak with a strong Scottish accent include Billy Connolly (comedian), Peter Capaldi (actor) and Sharleen Spiteri (singer).
苏格兰口音在整个苏格兰都有。苏格兰口音的一个显著特征是能让人信任说话者。因此，许多大型公司选择在苏格兰设立客户呼叫中心。在格拉斯哥这个主要的苏格兰城市，口音可能非常浓厚，英国人有时会听不懂一些说话者。另外，苏格兰使用的一些词汇虽然能理解，但在英格兰出生的人通常不用，例如 wee = 小，bairn = 婴儿/小孩。说一口浓重苏格兰口音的人包括喜剧演员比利·康诺利、演员彼得·卡帕尔迪和歌手夏琳·斯皮特里。
Welsh English / 威尔士英语
Welsh English is spoken in Wales and the accent has been strongly influenced by the Welsh language. This accent is considered to be quite musical. Examples of individuals who speak English with a Welsh accent include Harry Secombe (singer and comedian), Michael Sheen (actor) and Ruth Jones (actress).
威尔士英语在威尔士有人说，这种口音深受威尔士语影响。这个口音听起来挺有音乐感的。会说带威尔士口音英语的人有哈里·西科姆（歌手和喜剧演员）、迈克尔·辛（演员）和露丝·琼斯（女演员）。
Northern Irish / 北爱尔兰英语
As with Scouse accent, the Northern Irish accent has been strongly influenced by the Celtic language. This accent is also considered to be a quite musical. Examples of individuals that speak English with a Northern Irish accents include Liam Neeson (actor), Van Morrison (musician) and Graham Norton (TV presenter).
就像利物浦口音一样，北爱尔兰口音也深受凯尔特语言的影响。这个口音也被认为相当有音乐感。说英语带北爱尔兰口音的例子有演员连姆·尼森、音乐人范·莫里森和电视主持人格雷厄姆·诺顿。