Sir Francis Drake / 弗朗西斯·德雷克爵士
Sir Francis Drake (1540 – 1596) was an English explorer and pirate who spent most of his life at sea.
弗朗西斯·德雷克爵士（1540年-1596年）是位英国探险家和海盗，他一生大部分时间都在海上。
As a small boy he was under the care of a relative who was a prominent sea captain and Francis accompanied him on his sea voyages.
他小时候由一位著名的海船长亲戚照顾，弗朗西斯还跟着他一起出海。
At the age of 32, Francis was given his first independent mission.
弗朗西斯在32岁时获得了他的第一个独立任务。
He was told to attack Spanish ship off the coast of South America.
他说要去袭击南美沿海的西班船。
In 1577, 5 years later, Francis Drake set off on a mission to circumnavigate the globe.
1577年，五年后，弗朗西斯·德雷克出发了，准备环游世界。
He completed this voyage in 1580.
他在1580年完成了这次航行。
He was only the second person in the world to have done this.
他只是世界上第二个做到这一点的人。
During this mission he crossed the Pacific Ocean which was under the control of the Spain.
在这次任务中，他穿越了当时由西班牙控制的太平洋。
Francis Drake and his ships attacked Spanish settlements in South Ameriaca and any Spanish ships that they encountered during the journey.
弗朗西斯·德雷克和他的船只攻击了南美的西班牙定居点，以及他们在航行中遇到的任何西班牙船只。
For his actions against Spain, Queen Elizabeth 1 awarded Francis Drake a knighthood.
为了对付西班牙，伊丽莎白一世女王赏赐了弗朗西斯·德雷克爵士的称号。
He received this award on his ship called the ‘Golden Hind’.
他在他的船‘黄金麀’上获得了这个奖项。
An identical replica of this ship was built in 1973 and it is moored on the River Thames where tourists can visit it.
这艘船的一个完全相同的复制品在1973年建造，现在停靠在泰晤士河上，游客可以去参观它。
Conflict between England and Spain continued to escalate and war between the two countries was officially declared in 1585.
英格兰和西班牙之间的冲突不断升级，1585年两国正式宣战。
In 1588, Spain sent the Spanish Armada to attack England with the intention of invading England.
1588年，西班牙派出了无敌舰队攻击英格兰，打算入侵英格兰。
Drake was second in command of the English fleet that fought against the Spanish ships and repulsed the attack.
德雷克是英国舰队的第二指挥，他们跟西班牙舰队打了仗，成功击退了攻击。
Most of the Spanish ships were destroyed and the Spanish invasion plan failed.
大多数西班牙船都被毁了，西班牙的入侵计划失败了。
Sir Francis Drake then became a member of parliament for 12 years.
弗朗西斯·德雷克后来当了12年的国会议员。
He was easily elected as he was considered a national hero in England.
他很容易当选，因为大家都认为他是英格兰的民族英雄。
On the other hand, the Spanish people hated him and they called him ‘The Dragon’.
另一方面，西班牙人讨厌他，称他为‘龙’。
After 1593, Sir Francis Drake continued with his sea voyages and attacking Spanish settlements in South America.
1593年后，弗朗西斯·德雷克爵士继续他的海上航行，还攻击南美的西班牙定居点。
However, Sir Francis Drake died of dysentery after a failed assault on Panama in 1596.
不过，弗朗西斯·德雷克爵士在1596年对巴拿马的一次失败攻击后死于痢疾。
He was dressed in his armour and buried at sea in a coffin lined with lead.
他穿着盔甲，被放在一个衬有铅的棺材里海葬了。