Charlie Chaplin / 查理·卓别林
Charlie Chaplin was an English comic, actor and composer who rose to fame during the era of silent film.
查理·卓别林是一位英国喜剧演员和作曲家，他在无声电影时代成名。
Charlie was born in London on 16th April 1889.
查理于 1889 年 4 月16 日出生于伦敦。
Both his mother and father were singers and actors but his family was very poor.
他的父母都是歌手和演员，但他家里很穷。
His father died when he was young and when Charlie was 14 years old his mother was committed to a mental asylum.
他爸爸在他年轻的时候去世，查理14岁时他妈妈被送进了精神病院。
In order to survive, both he and his brother, Sydney, started to perform on the stage and they both toured England as actors and comedians.
为了生存，他和他的兄弟悉尼开始在舞台上表演，他们作为演员和喜剧演员一起巡演英格兰。
At the age of 19, he was taken to America and he started working in comedy films.
他19岁时被带到美国，开始在喜剧电影中工作。
It was at this time he created his famous ‘Tramp’ persona.
就在这个时候，他创造了他著名的“流浪汉”形象。
He also started directing his own films which were very successful.
他还开始自己导演电影，而且非常成功。
He attracted many fans from all over the world which led Charlie Chaplin to become one of the most famous and best-paid actors in America.
他吸引了来自全世界的许多粉丝，这让查理·卓别林成为美国最著名和薪水最高的演员之一。
People loved to watch his films and imitate the ‘Tramp’.
人们喜爱观看他的电影并模仿‘流浪汉’.
It is said that on one occasion Charlie Chaplin secretly entered a Charlie Chaplin impersonation competition but only came in third place.
据说有一次查理·卓别林偷偷参加了一场卓别林模仿比赛，但只得了季军。
He then co-founded the film distribution company United Artists which gave him complete control over his films.
然后他共同创办了电影发行公司《联合艺术家》，这让他对自己的电影有了完全的控制权。
His first feature-length film was the silent film called ‘The Kid’ where the Tramp finds and takes care of an abandoned baby.
他第一部长片是无声电影《小孩儿》，讲述游民发现并照顾一个被遗弃的婴儿。
After the success of this film he went on to make further films with no dialogue including ‘City Lights’ and ‘Modern Times’.
这部电影成功后，他继续拍摄了更多没有对话的电影，包括《城市之光》和《现代灯火》。
In addition to acting and directing these films he often wrote the musical scores used to accompany the films.
除了演出和导演这些电影，他通常还会编写配乐。
In 1940 he created his first film with sound which was called ‘The Great Dictator’ which mocked both Adolf Hitler and Benito Mussolini.
1940年他制作了他的第一部有声电影，叫做《大独裁者》，嘲笑了阿道夫·希特勒和贝尼托·墨索里尼。
In the film Charlie Chaplin played the roles of both a fascist dictator and a persecuted Jewish barber.
在电影中，查理·卓别林扮演了一个法西斯独裁者和一个受迫害的犹太理发师的角色。
‘The Great Dictator’ was Charlie Chamlins most commercially successful film and is now regarded as one of the best comedy films ever made.
《大独裁者》是查理·卓别林商业上最成功的电影，现在被认为是有史以来最好的喜剧片之一。
However, in the 1940s the mood in America changed as the perceived threat from Communism to America and Europe grew.
不过，在1940年代，随着人们对共产主义对美欧的威胁的感知加深，美国的氛围发生了变化。
As a foreigner with strong views on capitalism and a questionable moral reputation, Charlie Chaplin found his situation increasingly difficult.
左为一字字本朱一字有千里关店七道圣玉之德槐义德外国人，茶里卓碧林发仙子鸡的出金玉来玉昆南。
Charlie decided to abandon America and moved firstly back to London and then onto Switzerland.
查理决定放弃美国，先回到伦敦，然后去瑞士。
At the same time the American authorities revoked his visa despite having no evidence that Charlie Chaplin was a communist sympathiser.
与此同时，美国当局撤销了他的签证，尽管没有证据表明查理·卓别林是共产主义同情者。
Charlie decided not to try to return to America and so sold his home and his business assets that were in America.
查理决定不去尝试返回美国，于是他卖掉了在美国的家和商业资产。
He continued to make films such as ‘A King in New York’ which mocked McCarthyism.
他还继续拍摄电影，比如《纽约的国王》，讽刺麦卡锡主义。
Although the American authorities in the 1960s reversed their decision to deny him entry into America, Charlie Chaplin never return to America.
尽管美国当局在1960年代改变了拒绝查理·卓别林入境的决定，但他从未返回美国。
Charlie settled with his family in Switzerland and spent his time re-editing his films and writing music.
查理和家人定居在瑞士，花时间重新编辑他的电影和写音乐。
He also wrote his auto-biography and supported his family’s careers.
他还写了自传，并支持家人的职业。
In the 1970s his health began to fail and by 1977 he needed constant care.
在1970年代，他的健康开始恶化，到1977年时，他需要不断的照顾。
Charlie Chaplin finally died in his sleep due to a stroke during the early hours of Christmas Day morning, 25th December 1977.
查理·卓别林于1977年12月25日圣诞节早晨因中风安详去世。
He was 88 years old.
他88岁。